Optimizing Contracting Strategies for Medium Unmanned Aerial System (mUAS) Acquisition: A Comparative Analysis of FAR and Non-FAR Approaches for the U.S. Coast Guard

Abstract

This thesis examines how FAR and non-FAR contracting mechanisms support the U.S. Coast Guard’s acquisition of medium unmanned aerial systems (mUAS) as technology evolves faster than traditional procurement processes. The study finds that a phased, life-cycle contracting strategy, leveraging non-FAR tools for early prototyping and FAR mechanisms for production and sustainment—best aligns with Coast Guard mission demands and institutional constraints. The research employs qualitative analysis of statutory authorities, GAO audits, policy documents, and case studies from the Department of Defense, NASA, and Customs and Border Protection. Decision matrices assess FAR Part 15, FAR Part 12, and non-FAR instruments such as OTAs, CSOs, and CRADAs across timeliness, flexibility, discipline and rigor, vendor accessibility, and oversight. Results show non-FAR tools provide superior agility during early development, FAR Part 12 supports commercial integration, and FAR Part 15 ensures transparency and accountability for long-term sustainment. The analysis confirms that no single pathway is optimal across the acquisition life cycle and that the Coast Guard’s limited OTA authority constrains rapid innovation. The thesis concludes that a hybrid strategy, expansion of OTA authority, and establishment of a dedicated OTA office would improve agility, reduce acquisition timelines, and strengthen alignment between emerging mUAS technology and operational readiness.